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The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of salinity on soil property and several indicators of soil microbial activity in existing salt affected areas of Northeast Thailand, and thereby provide information relevant to other salt affected areas with a similar alternating wet–dry tropical climate. Soils collected from nine sites showed distinct variation in soil electrical conductivity (EC...
To evaluate the effect of land use change on soil organic carbon, the carbon contents and stocks of primary forest, degraded pasture, and four improved pasture systems in Colombian Amazonia were compared in a flat and a sloping landscape. The improved pastures were Brachiaria humidicola, and Brachiaria decumbens, either in monoculture or in combination with native legumes. The age of the treatments...
As soil solutions pass through forested mineral soils, the chemical and structural compositions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can alter substantially due to interactions with soil particle surfaces. Typically, adsorption processes dominate in mineral soils and the resulting concentration of DOC is reduced substantially. We studied changes in the molecular and structural compositions of DOC during...
Reuse of wastewater for agricultural irrigation purposes is gaining popularity in water scarce regions. This practice represents a cheap and easy method of wastewater disposal, as well as an alternative to attenuate the water demand for agriculture without compromising fresh water sources. However, during agricultural irrigation, contaminants contained in wastewater migrate to the soil and may eventually...
To establish whether methane (CH 4 ) biogeochemistry could be useful in detecting graves, we measured soil–atmosphere CH 4 fluxes, pore air CH 4 concentrations, atmospheric CH 4 concentrations near the soil surface, and soil aerobic CH 4 consumption and anaerobic CH 4 production potentials at a graveyard in southern Quebec, Canada, which contained cadavers...
A number of previous studies have reported the existence of a minimum in phosphate solubility between pH 5.5 and 7 in non-calcareous soils. Different hypotheses have been forwarded to explain this phenomenon. In this study, ten soil samples with varying textures and phosphorus status were subjected to batch experiments in which dissolved phosphate was measured as a function of pH and phosphate load...
There is a growing need for raster-based soil data to support modelling at regional and continental scales. The GlobalSoilMap consortium aims to satisfy this need with the production of a suite of digital soil maps of various soil properties at six standard depths for most of the land surface of the Earth. Initially, the maps will be produced using legacy soil data (soil data already available). In...
Legacy soil maps are an important input in digital soil mapping. This paper traces how reconnaissance soil maps in Wisconsin evolved between the 1880s and the present with some discussion on future directions. The first soil map in the USA was made in Wisconsin by the geologist T.C. Chamberlin in 1882. The second soil map of Wisconsin was made by A.R. Whitson in 1927, and the third by F.D. Hole in...
Kinetic and thermodynamic studies are carried out at low initial cadmium concentration on a soil sample extracted from Aspach le Bas in Eastern France. It can be concluded from kinetic experiments that the implied process is of pseudo‐second order. Rate constants, relaxation times and activation energy are calculated. The energy value determined in this study (40kJmol −1 ) shows that the process...
Sorptive and desorptive behaviors of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were explored in three organic matter-poor, alkaline soils with different mineral compositions. Batch sorption data revealed a positive effect of soil metal oxide content on sorption affinity and capacity for DOM. In contrast, the role of soil texture in DOM sorption could not be substantiated. The alkalinity of the investigated soils...
The enhancement of soil organic carbon (SOC) is important for sustainable agriculture, while changes in SOC depend on the balance between carbon (C) input and export. To investigate how chemical fertilizers contribute to C input (e.g. plant-derived C) and export (e.g. original SOC decomposition) in soil, a wheat (a C 3 plant) pot experiment was conducted using a Phaeozem that had previously...
Chemical weathering of rocks or sediments is extremely important for the generation of soils, for the evolution of landscape, and as a main source of inorganic nutrients for plant growth and therefore for life. Temporal trends in weathering mechanisms, plant succession and nutrients availability in cold environments can be successfully studied in soil chronosequences along a glacier forefield. In...
Ultramafic rocks and their related soils and sediments are non-anthropogenic sources of metal contaminants. In the southeastern region of Sri Lanka, release of Ni and Mn into the surrounding areas and groundwater is an ecological, agricultural and human health concern. Here, we investigate the release and fate of Ni and Mn from serpentine sediment in the Ussangoda ultramafic complex by coupling interpretations...
Source identification of heavy metals in soil is not straightforward since several inputs of either an anthropogenic or natural origin contribute to their total content. Here we explore the spatial variation and covariation of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu and Hg) in the agricultural soils of the Duero river basin (one of the largest in Spain) where both anthropogenic activities (mainly...
Arctic soils store great amounts of soil organic matter (SOM) that are likely to be affected by future climate changes. Knowledge of the ability of the soil to mineralize nitrogen (N) and release greenhouse gases (GHG) at the landscape scale is critical to predict and model future effects of climate change on Arctic SOM. The objective of this study was to investigate how soil gross N mineralization...
Substantial horizontal solute transport has been demonstrated to occur in the capillary fringe (CF) above a flowing ground water, yet the importance of the CF for solute movement has generally been ignored. This study was conducted to evaluate the fate and horizontal transport of surface-applied nitrate (NO 3− ) in the CF under simulated hydrologic conditions that varied flow rates. Two...
Differentiation of horizons in soils formed in volcanic ash can be problematic as recent ash deposits often have the same morphological appearance as eluvial albic horizons. Furthermore, differentiation of spodic horizons can be difficult as multiple horizons can appear homogeneous. A portable x-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometer was utilized to scan volcanic ash-derived Spodosols, Andisols, and...
The planet is undergoing an unequivocal period of climate change, with alterations in both longterm directional change and more local short-term variability. The amplified responses of polar ecosystems, and the potential feedbacks presented through alterations of soil processes, make it important to understand the consequences of climate change in polar soil systems. The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in soil microbial biomass and activity after the regeneration of deforested and cultivated soil in Brazil. Soil sampling was carried out in June and December 2007 (wet and dry seasons, respectively), at four areas, including: a native forest (NF), a 10years old regenerated forest (RF10), a 20years old regenerated forest (RF20) and a conventional...
14 C dating of groundwater depends on the isotopic composition of both the solid carbonate and the soil CO 2 and requires the use of 14 C age correction models. To better assess the variability of the 14 C activity of soil CO 2 (A 14 C soil-CO2 ) and the δ 13 C of soil CO 2 (δ 13 C soil-CO2 ), which are two parameters...
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